Nov 29, 2017 You can purchase a boxed or email version of past Mac OS X directly from Apple. Both will cost you around $20. For the reason of being rather antiquated, Snow Leopard and earlier Apple versions can only be installed from DVD. Buy a boxed edition of Snow Leopard 10.6. Qwant is a search engine that respects your privacy and ensure neutrality and impartiality. Explore the world of Mac. Check out MacBook Pro, MacBook Air, iMac, Mac mini, and more. Visit the Apple site to learn, buy, and get support. Apr 26, 2021 From the Apple menu in the corner of your screen, choose About This Mac. You should see the macOS name, such as macOS Big Sur, followed by its version number. If you need to know the build number as well, click the version number to see it. Which macOS version is the latest?
NOTE:
Between mid October 2019 and mid February 2020 everyone in the Army was migrated to use their PIV Authentication certificate for Email access. You no longer use the Email certificate for Enterprise Email or any CAC enabled websites
Mac users who choose to upgrade (or already have upgraded) to Mac OS Catalina (10.15.x) or Big Sur (11.xx.x) will need to uninstall all 3rd Party CAC enablers per https://militarycac.com/macuninstall.htm AND reenable the native smart card ability (very bottom of macuninstall link above)
If you purchased your Mac with OS Catalina (10.15.x) or Big Sur (11.xx.x) already installed, you can skip the uninstall part above and follow the instructions below.
6 'high level' steps needed, follow down the page to make this a painless systematic process
1. | Is your CAC reader 'Mac friendly'? |
2. | Can your Mac 'see' the reader? |
3. | Verify which version of Mac OS you have |
4. | Figure out which CAC (ID card) you have |
5. | Install the DoD certificates |
5a. | Additional DoD certificate installation instructions for Firefox users |
6. | Decide which CAC enabler you want to use (except for 10.12-.15 & 11) |
Step 1: Is your CAC reader Mac friendly?
Visit the USB Readers page to verify the CAC reader you have is Mac friendly.
Visit the USB-C Readers page to verify the CAC reader you have is Mac friendly.
'Some, not all' CAC readers may need to have a driver installed to make it work.
NOTE: Readers such as: SCR-331 & SCR-3500A may need a firmware update (NO OTHER Readers need firmware updates).
Information about these specific readers are in Step 2
Step 2: Can your Mac 'see' the reader?
Plug the CAC reader into an open USB port before proceeding, give it a few moments to install
Step 2a: Click the Apple Icon in the upper left corner of the desktop, select 'About This Mac'
Step 2b: Click 'System Report...' (button)
Step 2c: Verify the CAC reader shows in Hardware, USB, under USB Device Tree. Different readers will show differently, most readers have no problem in this step. See Step 2c1 for specific reader issues.
Step 2c1: Verify firmware version on your SCR-331, SCR-3310 v2.0, GSR-202, 202V, 203, or SCR-3500a reader. If you have a reader other than these 6, Proceed directly to step 3
Step 2c1a-SCR-331 reader
If your reader does not look like this, go to the next step.
In the 'Hardware' drop down, click 'USB.' On the right side of the screen under 'USB Device Tree' the window will display all hardware plugged into the USB ports on your Mac. Look for “SCRx31 USB Smart Card Reader.” If the Smart Card reader is present, look at 'Version' in the lower right corner of this box: If you have a number below 5.25, you need to update your firmware to 5.25. If you are already at 5.25, your reader is installed on your system, and no further hardware changes are required. You can now Quit System Profiler and continue to Step 3.
Step 2c1b-SCR-3310 v2.0 reader
If your reader does not look like this, go to the next step.
In the 'Hardware' drop down, click 'USB.' On the right side of the screen under 'USB Device Tree' the window will display all hardware plugged into the USB ports on your Mac. Look for “SCR3310 v2.0 USB Smart Card Reader.” If the Smart Card reader is present, look at 'Version' in the lower right corner of this box: If you have a number below 6.02, it will not read the 'G+D FIPS 201 SCE 7.0' CAC on Mac OS 11.xx.x or 10.15.7. I contacted HID (the company that makes these readers) on 14 DEC 2020 to find a way to update the firmware to 6.02. They said there is not firmware update for the reader. If your reader is older, you may need a new one. Please look at: https://militarycac.com/usbreaders.htm to find a compatible one. If you are already at version 6.02, your reader should work fine on your Mac and no further hardware changes are required. You can now Quit System Profiler and continue to Step 3.
Step 2c1c-SCR-3500A reader
If you have the SCR3500A P/N:905430-1 CAC reader,you may need to install this driver, as the one that installs automatically will not work on most Macs. Hold the control key [on your keyboard] when clicking the .pkg file [with your mouse], select [the word] Open
Step 3: Verify which version of MacOS you have?
(You need to know this information for step 6)
Step 3a: Click the Apple Icon in the upper left corner of your desktop and select 'About This Mac'
Step 3b: Look below Mac OS X for: Example: Version 10.X.X, or 11.X
Step 4: Figure out which CAC (ID Card) you have
(You need to know this information for step 6)
Look at the top back of your ID card for these card types. If you have any version other than the seven shown below, you need to visit an ID card office and have it replaced. All CACs [other than these six] were supposed to be replaced prior to 1 October 2012.
Find out how to flip card over video
Step 5: Install the DoD certificates (for Safari and Chrome Users)
Go to Keychain Access
Click: Go (top of screen), Utilities, double click Keychain Access.app
(You can also type: keychain access using Spotlight (this is my preferred method))
Select login (under Keychains),and All Items (under Category).
Download the 5 files via links below (you may need to <ctrl> click, select Download Linked File As... on each link) Save to your downloads folder
Please know... IF You have any DoD certificates already located in your keychain access, you will need to delete them prior to running the AllCerts.p7b file below.
https://militarycac.com/maccerts/AllCerts.p7b,
https://militarycac.com/maccerts/RootCert2.cer,
https://militarycac.com/maccerts/RootCert3.cer,
https://militarycac.com/maccerts/RootCert4.cer, and
Double click each of the files to install certificates into the login section of keychain
Select the Kind column, verify the arrow is pointing up, scroll down to certificate, look for all of the following certificates:
DOD EMAIL CA-33 through DOD EMAIL CA-34,
DOD EMAIL CA-39 through DOD EMAIL CA-44,
DOD EMAIL CA-49 through DOD EMAIL CA-52,
DOD EMAIL CA-59,
DOD ID CA-33 through DOD ID CA-34,
DOD ID CA-39 through DOD ID CA-44,
DOD ID CA-49 through DOD ID CA-52,
DOD ID CA-59
DOD ID SW CA-35 through DOD ID SW CA-38,
DOD ID SW CA-45 through DOD ID SW CA-48,
DoD Root CA 2 through DoD Root CA 5,
DOD SW CA-53 through DOD SW CA-58, and
DOD SW CA-60 through DOD SW CA-61
NOTE: If you are missing any of the above certificates, you have 2 choices,
1. Delete all of them, and re-run the 5 files above, or
2. Download the allcerts.zip file and install each of the certificates you are missing individually.
Errors:
Error 100001 Solution
Error 100013 Solution
You may notice some of the certificates will have a red circle with a white X . This means your computer does not trust those certificates
You need to manually trust the DoD Root CA 2, 3, 4, & 5 certificates
Double click each of the DoD Root CA certificates, select the triangle next to Trust, in the When using this certificate: select Always Trust, repeat until all 4 do not have the red circle with a white X.
You may be prompted to enter computer password when you close the window
Once you select Always Trust, your icon will have a light blue circle with a white + on it.
The 'bad certs' that have caused problems for Windows users may show up in the keychain access section on some Macs. These need to be deleted / moved to trash.
The DoD Root CA 2 & 3 you are removing has a light blue frame, leave the yellow frame version. The icons may or may not have a red circle with the white x
or | DoD Interoperability Root CA 1 or CA 2 | certificate | |
DoD Root CA 2 or 3 (light blue frame ONLY) | certificate | ||
or | Federal Bridge CA 2016 or 2013 | certificate | |
or | Federal Common Policy CA | certificate | |
or | or | SHA-1 Federal Root CA G2 | certificate |
or | US DoD CCEB Interoperability Root CA 1 | certificate |
If you have tried accessing CAC enabled sites prior to following these instructions, please go through this page before proceeding
Clearing the keychain (opens a new page)
Please come back to this page to continue installation instructions.
Step 5a: DoD certificate installation instructions for Firefox users
NOTE: Firefox will not work on Catalina (10.15.x), or last 4 versions of Mac OS if using the native Apple smartcard ability
Download AllCerts.zip, [remember where you save it].
double click the allcerts.zip file (it'll automatically extract into a new folder)
Option 1 to install the certificates (semi automated):
From inside the AllCerts extracted folder, select all of the certificates
<control> click (or Right click) the selected certificates, select Open With, Other...
In the Enable (selection box), change to All Applications
Select Firefox, then Open
You will see several dozen browser tabs open up, let it open as many as it wants..
You will eventually start seeing either of the 2 messages shown next
If the certificate is not already in Firefox, a window will pop up stating 'You have been asked to trust a new Certificate Authority (CA).'
Check all three boxes to allow the certificate to: identify websites, identify email users, and identify software developers
or
'Alert This certificate is already installed as a certificate authority.' Click OK
Once you've added all of the certificates...
• Click Firefox (word) (upper left of your screen)
• Preferences
• Advanced (tab)
• Press Network under the Advanced Tab
• In the Cached Web Content section, click Clear Now (button).
• Quit Firefox and restart it
Option 2 to install the certificates (very tedious manual):
Click Firefox (word) (upper left of your screen)
Preferences
Advanced (tab on left side of screen)
Certificates (tab)
View Certificates (button)
Authorities (tab)
Import (button)
Browse to the DoD certificates (AllCerts) extracted folder you downloaded and extracted above.
Note: You have to do this step for every single certificate
Note2: If the certificate is already in Firefox, a window will pop up stating: 'Alert This certificate is already installed as a certificate authority (CA).' Click OK
Note3: If the certificate is not already in Firefox, a window will pop up stating 'You have been asked to trust a new Certificate Authority (CA).'
Check all three boxes to allow the certificate to: identify websites, identify email users, and identify software developers
Once you've added all of the certificates...
• Click Firefox (word) (upper left of your screen)
• Preferences
• Advanced (tab)
• Press Network under the Advanced Tab
• In the Cached Web Content section, click Clear Now (button).
• Quit Firefox and restart it
Step 6: Decide which CAC enabler you can / want to use
Only for Mac El Capitan (10.11.x or older)
After installing the CAC enabler, restart the computer and go to a CAC enabled website
NOTE: Mac OS Sierra (10.12.x), High Sierra (10.13.x), Mojave (10.14.x), Catalina (10.15.x), and Big Sur (11.1) computers no longer need a CAC Enabler.
Try to access the CAC enabled site you need to access now
Mac support provided by: Michael Danberry
A Sales Agreement, also known as a Sale of Goods Agreement, is a written document between a buyer who wants to purchase goods and a seller who owns those goods and wants to sell them. In general, goods are something that you can use or consume that are moveable at the time of the sale, including watches, clothing, books, toys, furniture, and cars.
A simple document will identify the following basic elements:
These additional elements can also be included:
A Sales Agreement may also be called:
The Statute of Frauds requires that contracts for the sale of goods priced at $500 or more must be in writing in order to be enforceable. The sale of goods is also governed by Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code and has been adopted by nearly every U.S. jurisdiction.
You need a sales agreement if your business sells goods or services to other parties or businesses. A professional sales agreement will help keep things clear and understood by both parties by detailing the terms of the sale.
You’ll want to make sure that you have an agreement in writing to ensure that it’s smooth sailing until the money and goods have been exchanged, and both you and the other party will want to know what to do if there are any issues along the way. This agreement can be used for a range of sales of goods, from small-scale purchases to large-scale contracts.
For certain sales contracts, namely those that are entered into at a location that is NOT the seller’s permanent place of business, the buyer has a statutory right to cancel the contract until midnight of the third business day after the sale. For more information on this “cooling-off” period, check your state laws and the Federal Trade Commission.
Here are some examples of potential sellers and buyers who would need to use this agreement.
POTENTIAL SELLER | POTENTIAL BUYER |
---|---|
Party supply store | Professional party planner |
Clockmaker | Collector of specialty clocks |
Office supply store | Start-up company |
Car dealership | Rental car company |
Winery | Wedding planner |
If you don’t have a Sales Agreement, you risk failing to understand your contractual rights and obligations, the economic consequences of the risks, and the legal remedies and protections available to you at law. This agreement lays a strong foundation and framework for all steps in an otherwise complicated process and provides how to address and remedy them should something go wrong.
A successful individual or business relies on being able to maximize profits by anticipating the largest sales periods and knowing how much inventory is needed to meet the demand. Without a sales agreement, you or your business may not be able to sell or secure inventory at the best prices, failing to maximize profits.
Your buyer may suddenly decide not to buy from you, in which case you would be left with unexpected inventory and no recourse. Or your seller may find a buyer willing to pay more, leaving you with no inventory and angry customers.
A simple Sale of Goods Agreement can help guarantee the following:
SELLER | Buyer |
---|---|
Guarantees the buyer will purchase a specific amount of goods | Guarantees the seller will supply a specific amount of goods |
Guarantees the buyer will purchase the goods at a specific time | Guarantees the seller will supply the goods at a specific time |
Guarantees the buyer will purchase the goods for a specific price | Guarantees the seller will supply the goods for a specific price |
Guarantees the buyer will not back out of a promise after seller has devoted capital to produce the goods | Guarantees the buyer will be unaffected by market changes |
Guarantees the buyer certain remedies should the seller breach | Guarantees the seller certain remedies should the buyer breach |
The sample sales agreement below details an agreement between a seller and a buyer. Under the terms specified, the buyer agrees to purchase items from the seller.
Without a written sales agreement, certain warranties regarding the goods may either automatically apply or may not apply at all. Warranties are legally enforceable promises or guarantees assuring the buyer that certain facts or conditions about the goods are true. Under the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) there are two kinds of warranties – express warranties and implied warranties.
Express warranties: An express warranty is an affirmative statement by the seller about the quality and characteristics of goods. An example of an express warranty is an electronics retailer telling a customer, “We guarantee your newly purchased television against defects for three years. When you bring a defect to our attention, we will replace or repair it.” However, an express warranty can be created even when the seller did not intend to create one. If the Sales Agreement has a description of the goods that the buyer relies upon in making the purchase, an express warranty is created that the goods will conform to that description. Similarly, if the seller provides a sample of the goods to the buyer, an express warranty is created that the goods will conform to the sample. Having a written agreement allows both the seller and buyer to clearly state what, if any, express warranties will apply to the goods.
Implied warranties: An implied warranty is an unwritten promise that the goods being purchased will meet a minimum level of quality. Essentially, these are automatic warranties buyers receive when they purchase goods from a merchant. There are two implied warranties arising under the UCC.
1. Warranty of merchantability: A merchantable good is one that is “fit for the ordinary purposes” for which goods of that type are used. An example is when a buyer purchases a bicycle intended for road cycling. There is an implied warranty that the bicycle is suitable for road cycling. However, if the buyer uses it for mountain biking, the buyer is not using the bicycle for its intended purpose, and there is no warranty of merchantability. Nonetheless, if the buyer is able to show that even under ordinary road cycling circumstances the bicycle is defective, then there would be a violation of the warranty of merchantability.
2. Warranty of fitness for a particular purpose: If the seller knows or should know that (1) the buyer intends to use the goods for a particular purpose and (2) the buyer is relying on the seller’s skill or judgment to select the appropriate goods, an implied warranty that the goods will fit that purpose if created. An example is a homeowner purchasing paint to paint a house. If the seller recommends a certain paint, but that paint is not suited for painting houses, then the seller has breached this implied warranty of fitness for a particular purpose.
Implied warranties do not automatically apply if sellers clearly and conspicuously exclude or modify them in a written record, such as a Sales Agreement. Therefore, without a written agreement clearly disclaiming these implied warranties, the seller may unknowingly be providing certain warranties to the buyer.
Risk of loss is a term that determines which party should carry the risk for damage to the goods after the sale has been completed but before delivery. If the seller carries the risk of loss, he or she will have to send the buyer another shipment of goods or pay the buyer damages in the event the goods are damaged before delivery. If the buyer carries the risk of loss, the buyer will have to pay for the goods, even if they are damaged during shipment. Furthermore, a seller can expressly disclaim or modify implied warranties under the UCC.
Under Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code, there are four risk of loss rules you should be aware of.
If you know you want to buy or sell certain goods, but haven’t agreed on all of the details or aren’t ready to sign a Sales Agreement, you can first sign a Letter of Intent to outline the terms and your agreement to negotiate.